Latvia

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 17 Facts You May Not Know About Latvia:

1. Latvia is home to Europe's widest waterfall, Ventas Rumba, spanning 110 meters (360 feet) wide, where during springtime you can witness a fascinating natural phenomenon - the annual migration of fish, particularly lampreys, as they attempt to leap over the falls.

2. The capital and largest city of Latvia is Riga, known for its well-preserved medieval Old Town and Art Nouveau architecture.

3. Latvia regained its independence from the Soviet Union on August 21, 1991, and is now a member of the European Union and NATO.

4. The Latvian language is one of the oldest and most unique languages in the world, belonging to the Baltic language group and sharing some similarities with Lithuanian.

5. Latvia has a population of around 1.9 million people, with Latvians being the largest ethnic group, followed by Russians, Belarusians, and Ukrainians.

6. The country's flag consists of three horizontal stripes: maroon on top, white in the middle, and maroon on the bottom.

7. Latvia has a diverse landscape, with forests covering over half of its territory, numerous lakes, and a picturesque coastline along the Baltic Sea.

8. The Gauja National Park, located near Riga, is the largest national park in Latvia and offers opportunities for hiking, cycling, and wildlife observation.

9. Latvia has a rich cultural heritage, with traditions influenced by its history of German, Swedish, Polish, and Russian rule, as well as its Baltic roots.

10. Riga's historic center, with its well-preserved medieval buildings and narrow cobblestone streets, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a popular tourist destination.

11. Latvia has a strong tradition of song and dance, with the Latvian Song and Dance Festival, held every five years, being one of the largest cultural events in the country.

12. Latvia is known for its delicious and hearty cuisine, with dishes like piragi (bacon-filled pastries), grey peas with bacon, and rye bread being staples of Latvian meals.

13. The country has a temperate seasonal climate, with warm summers and cold winters, and is known for its long daylight hours during the summer months.

14. Latvia has a well-developed education system, with a high literacy rate and a strong emphasis on science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education.

15. The Latvian National Opera, located in Riga, is one of the leading opera houses in Northern Europe and hosts performances of opera, ballet, and classical music.

16. Latvia has a strong tradition of craftsmanship, with artisans producing high-quality textiles, ceramics, woodwork, and amber jewelry.

17. The Rundāle Palace, a Baroque masterpiece located in the Latvian countryside, is often referred to as the "Versailles of the Baltic" and is open to visitors yearround.