Thursday, April 18, 2024

Koda's Video

Here is a good video that shows what Koda's Mission does in Ukraine.

In 2022 a German guy (Yannick) left his home in Germany to help animals in war-torn Ukraine.

He found Koda in Bucha (site of the Russian Massacre of Innocent Ukrainian Men, Women and Children.)

He has helped rescued animals on the Frontlines including when the Russians destroyed a major Dam and flooded large parts of Ukraine.

He recently moved his shelter from near the Polish Border in western Ukraine to central Ukraine so he can help more animals.

Here is Koda's Mission's Website: to adopt, volunteer or donate:

 https://www.kodasmission.com/

 

To see the video click here:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-Kr9gujYN3g

Learn A Language

 I believe that everyone should know at least 1 Language other than their Native Language (even if you have no plans to ever travel or leave your Home Country.)

That goes for us Americans, Canadians (or the Brits, Irish, Australians, New Zealanders, etc.) that know English as their Native Language – even with it being the International Language of half the World from 1945-1991 and the International Language of the whole world since 1992.

To be arrogant for a minute: I think non-Native English Speakers should learn and use English. Studies show how much money a person in different Countries lose in their lifetime by not knowing and using English – even if they never leave their hometown.

English is already the International Language of Diplomacy, Trade, Travel, Education, the Military, Science, etc.

It’s why the English Language was kept as an Official Language of the European Union even when the United Kingdom left and there were no other EU Member States where English was an Official EU Language (each EU Member can only chose 1 Language as their Official EU Language and Ireland chose Irish, Malta chose Maltese and Cyprus chose Greek.)

With that said I still believe those who are Native English Speakers should learn another Language.

I am fluent in English, Russian and French and have a decent understanding of German (when it is spoken to me or written – not so much when I have to speak it myself.)

Whenever I travel (or traveled) to a place where English isn’t the Language used there (or French, Russian, or Ukrainian) I learn the basic words of the Language used there: Hello, Goodbye, Thank You, Where is the Hospital, Where is the American Embassy, I am sick, etc.

When I traveled with my Mom when she became disabled and ill I also added all the medical terms I would need (like wheelchair, insulin, kidney failure, blood pressure, stroke, Diabetes, etc.) I often had to have several lists in different languages for the different Countries we traveled to on the same trip:

Example: German for Germany, Croatian for Croatia, Bosnian for Bosnia and Montenegrin for Montenegro.

I had Arabic phrases memorized for when we were in Kuwait, Icelandic phrases for when we were in Iceland, Spanish phrases for when we were in Costa Rica, Ukrainian phrases for when we were in Ukraine.

Even in places where you would expect to be able to use English you can’t always count on it. I had many times (both when I lived in Germany and when I visited as a Tourist) where I couldn’t find an English Speaker.

In Russia (where I lived 2 times and visited 3 other times) Foreigners had to pay separate prices than the Russians. Tier 1 Price was for Russian Citizens, Tier 2 was for those from the Former Soviet Republics and Tier 3 was for everyone else like Americans and you had to not only pay more for the same experience but you also had to use special Kassas (Cashiers) where the Employees only spoke Russian and nothing else.

An example: Going to Museums, buying Train/Bus Tickets, taking Tours – even those only in Russian-  a Russian would pay $0.24 American Cents (in Rubles of course), a Former Soviet Citizen would pay $0.80 American Cents and Americans and other Foreigners would pay $50 US Dollars – all for the same experience.

Even in Restaurants, Cafes, etc. where they have Menus in different Languages (like English) you couldn’t order in English or even point to the item in the Menu because it wasn’t translated exactly from Russian (example: The first dish in the Russian Menu would be Olivier Salad and the first dish in the English Menu would be Borscht.) to not only

Long story short English is here to stay so Non-Native English Speakers should learn English to help better their lives and Native English Speakers should learn at least 1 other Language to not only not be arrogant, but because not everyone everywhere speaks English.

It is very hard to find English Speakers in Mexico, Central America (except for Belize), South America, most of Asia, most of Africa (especially the places the British didn’t Colonize), Southern Europe and Eastern Europe.

Wednesday, April 17, 2024

Bring My Dog


 

42: Patriation

 


Today (April 17, 1982) Canada celebrates 42 years of being an independent country.

Before Patriation in 1982 every Canadian Law had to be sent to the British Parliament in London and agreed on then sent to the British King or Queen who signed off on it where it was then sent back to the Canadian Parliament and the Canadian Queen or King.

Since 1982 only the Canadian Parliament and the Canadian Queen or King have to approve Canadian Laws.

Monday, April 15, 2024

Iranian Failure

It’s got to be depressing when your country (Iran) fires 170 suicide drones, 120 ballistic missiles and 30 cruise missiles at another country (Israel) in the largest drone attack the world has ever seen and the first direct attack from Iran on Israel ever and Israel and its Allies destroy 99% of them.



(Iranian missiles over the Dome of the Rock (a Muslim Shrine) in Old City of Jerusalem, Israel on April 14, 2024.)

Maybe Iran should focus on other things (like Equal Female and Gay Rights) than on drones and missiles since they clearly have no idea what they are doing with those.

I would like to see Iran continue to send Russia those badly made drones and missiles so that they explode when launched inside Russia rather than inside Ukraine.

Also, if Iran is an Islamic Republic as they have claimed to be since 1979 then why did they try to bomb Jerusalem?

It is a holy site for Jews, Christians and Muslims.

Anyone (Iran, Hamas, etc.) that thinks they can attack Israel with the hope of completely destroying Israel and massacring all the Jews into “the sea” should read their history books.

Even when outmanned and outgunned 50 to 1 Israel has always won.

1st Criminal Case

 


They say a “picture speaks a thousand words” and this one of Trump in Criminal Court today (April 15, 2024) does just that as the first Current President or the First Former President to EVER be Criminally Charged of anything.

I know he thinks he is acting tough for the cameras, but what I see is a sad, old, fake-tanned man who is scared his own words and actions will most likely send him to jail.

Even Nixon knew better and resigned and got pardoned before it got to this stage.

114: Titanic Numbers

 


114 years ago today (April 15, 1912) the Titanic sank in the Atlantic Ocean going from England to New York.

Of the 2,224 Passengers and Crew on-board 1,503 died (only 333 bodies were ever recovered.)

There were: 12 dogs, four hens, four roosters, 30 cockerels, one yellow canary and the ship’s rat-catcher cat Jenny were on board when the ship sank.

Only 3 dogs survived (carried by their Owners on the lifeboats.)

The 8 Musicians of the Titanic continued to play even while the ship was sinking so that the passengers would remain as calm as possible. Their last tune was “Nearer, My God, to Thee.” None of them survived.

After the sinking the US Government passed the Radio Act of 1912 which required all ships to have 24 hour access to communications and a secondary power supply to send and receive distress signals.

In 1914, an International Convention required that there be enough life boats for every single passenger and crew on-board as well as mandatory lifeboat drills during every sailing.

Also in 1914, an International Ice Patrol was established in the Atlantic and Arctic Oceans. Today, it is run by the US Coast Guard and funded by the Governments of: Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, Norway, Panama, Poland, Spain, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States.

 It remains the deadliest peacetime sinking of a cruise ship or an ocean liner. The wreck was discovered by Robert Ballard in 1985.

The last living Titanic Survivor, Millvina Dean, who was 2 months old when the ship sank, died in 2009.

The first movie about the sinking was called “Saved From The Titanic” in 1912. It was a Silent Movie that premiered 31 days after the sinking and stared Dorothy Gibson who survived the sinking.

The 1997 film “Titanic” was the most expensive film ever made up to that date with a budget of $200 Million Dollars. Today it ranks 45th most expensive film ever made. It earned $2.202 Billion Dollars worldwide. It remained the highest grossing film until 2010.

114: Titanic Sank

 


Sunday, April 14, 2024

An international Coalition

Ukraine, the United States and Israel:

 


Ukraine:

Vladimir Putin is fighting his War in Ukraine to Ethnically Cleanse Ukraine of the 33 Million Ukrainian Men, Women and Children living there.

He has openly called for the destruction of everything Ukrainian (Language, Culture and People) and has enacted this in Russian-Occupied Crimea, Ukraine since 2014 and in the Russian-Occupied Parts of the rest of Ukraine since 2022.

Russia targets Ukrainian Schools, Theaters, Churches, Libraries and other places of Ukrainian Culture.

Putin doesn’t just want land in Ukraine, but to destroy Ukraine completely and murder every Ukrainian Man, Woman and Child.

Russia also kidnaps Ukrainian Men, Women and Children and brings them to Camps in Russia to try and “beat the Ukrainian out of them” and kills the ones that refuse.

700,000 Ukrainian Children have been officially documented as being forcibly kidnaped from Ukraine by the Russians and sent to camps in Russia.

Putin and the Russians’ Anti-Jewish and Pro-Nazis (Z) are using the same tactics that Hitler used – including their Goose-Stepping, their Invasion/Annexation Tactics, their Rallies and their Symbols.

 

Israel:

Hamas is fighting its War with Israel to Ethnically Cleanse Israel of the 9 Million Jewish Men, Women and Children living there.

The 1988 Hamas Charter (updated in May 2017) states in part: "our struggle against the Jews is very great and very serious" and calls for the eventual creation of an Islamic State in Palestine, in place of Israel and the Palestinian Territories, and the Obliteration or Dissolution of Israel and the Jewish People into the Sea through Jihad (Holy War) – Article 13 of Hamas’ Charter.

Hamas and the Palestinians in Gaza’s goal is not an Independent Palestinian Country in Gaza, but to completely destroy Israel and murder every Jewish Man, Woman and Child.

Hamas kidnapped 240 Israeli (and Foreign including Americans) Men, Women and Children and is keeping 136 of them hostage in Gaza for 110 days now.

Hamas and other Anti-Jewish are using the same tactics that Hitler used.

Iran is fighting its War with Israel to Ethnically Cleanse Israel of the 9 Million Jewish Men, Women and Children living there.

Since the 1979 Revolution Iran has officially vowed to destroy Israel.

 

Anti-Jewish Allies:

Russia is supported by Iran, Syria, Hamas and other Terrorist Groups against Ukraine.

Hamas is supported by Russia, Iran, Syria and other Terrorist Groups against Israel.

Iran is supported by Russia, Hamas and other Terrorist Groups against Israel.

 

Russia, Hamas, Iran, Syria and the Other Terrorist Groups are all about murdering innocent Men, Women and Children whether in Ukraine, in Israel or around the World to Ethnically-Cleanse those places in the same way that Hitler and the German Nazis tried to do in Europe during the Holocaust.

The Vast Majority of Countries around the world have seen a 350% increase in Anti-Jewish Violence since October 7, 2023.

 

Pro-Jewish Allies:

The United States sees the connection between Russia, Iran and Hamas against Ukraine and Israel and that is why we support both Ukraine and Israel.

 

It is NOT only a Ukrainian Fight.

It is NOT only an Israeli Fight.

It is NOT only a Jewish Fight.

 

 It IS OUR Fight!

 

Governments around the World need to do more to support Ukraine and Israel – and not just with words.

We should build an International Coalition against Israel and Russia.

 

The US Congress have still not passed the needed Aid Package for both Ukraine and Israel.

 

Ukrainians and Israelis and fighting and dying while the Republicans fight with Republicans, the Democrats fight with Democrats and the Republicans fight with the Democrats over petty issues.

 

Congress needs to STOP their fighting and START doing their job!

 

 

 

I am not Ukrainian, but I Stand With Ukraine!

 

I am not Israeli, but I Stand with Israel!

 

I am not Jewish, but I Stand with the Jews!

Israel & Ukraine Bombed

 


(Last Nights Iranian Bombs/Drones dropped on Israel.)

Last night Iran launched 300 Missiles and Drones costing $2 Billion to fulfill their 45 year old (1979) promise to wipe Israel off the map and murder 10 Million Israelis

99% of the missiles and drones were intercepted by Israeli’s Iron Dome and its Allies (the US, the UK, Jordan, etc.)

1 severely hurt 10-year old Bedouin child and 10 lightly wounded from those Iranian Missiles and Drones.

 


(Today’s Russian Air Raids on Ukraine.)

 

Since February 24, 2022 Russia has launched 37,341 Air Raids costing Billions upon Billions of Dollars on Ukraine.

That number doesn’t include the number of Bombs, Missiles or Drones Russia has dropped on Ukraine or the number of mines, bullets, mortars, etc. that Russia has fired at Ukrainians.

At least 32,000 Ukrainian Soldiers have died.

100,000 Ukrainian Soldiers have been wounded.

At least 70,000 Ukrainian Civilians have been killed.

At least 20.400 Ukrainian Civilians have been wounded.

 

Iran supports Russia in its War in Ukraine (including sending them Iranian Made Drones like the ones used in Israel.)

Russia supports Iran in its War in Israel (including sending them money to avoid International Sanctions.)

 

It is time the International Community (including the United States) joins an official International Coalition to protect Ukraine and Israel against Iran and Russia.

Kharkiv's Blackout

From United24’s Website:



Blackout in Kharkiv after Russian attacks.

The Russian Army launched missile attacks on Ukraine's energy facilities. 80% of heating plants were destroyed, and Kharkiv was the hardest hit.

Despite the lack of electricity, Kharkiv Residents do not give up and still see their city as beautiful.

 



Блекаут у Харкові після російських атак.

Російська армія завдала ракетних ударів по енергетичних об’єктах України. Знищено 80% теплоцентралей, та найбільше постраждав Харків.

Попри відсутність електропостачання харків'яни не здаються і все одно бачать своє місто прекрасним.

 

^ And the US Congress continues to do little to nothing to help Ukraine for several months and counting. ^

Classrooms

 


Saturday, April 13, 2024

Iran Attacks Israel

From the Times of Israel:

“Iran launches over 100 drones at Israel in first-ever direct attack; IDF braces to intercept”



Israel said Saturday night that Iran had launched a large wave of attack drones from its territory toward the Jewish state and that the military was tracking and preparing to intercept them, in the first-ever direct attack on Israel by the Islamic Republic. IDF Spokesman Rear Adm. Daniel Hagari first confirmed at 11 p.m. that the attack, anticipated for several days, had begun. Iran’s Revolutionary Guards later confirmed it had launched dozens of drones and missiles against specific targets in Israel, Iranian state media quoted a statement by the elite force as saying.

Israel assessed that over 100 drones had been launched. The Israeli Air Force was tracking the drones and was preparing for additional waves of attacks, which may also include missiles. The drones currently being tracked were expected to reach the country within hours, though the Israel Defense Forces will work to intercept them at an earlier stage. Other threats, including ballistic missiles or cruise missiles, will take less time to reach Israel, and the IDF said it would update accordingly. The incoming attack led Jordan and Iraq to shut down their airspace for a period of several hours, and Israel too announced that its airspace would shutter as of Sunday at 12:30 a.m. until an unspecified time, leading to various flight cancellations.

Israel’s prime minister and top defense leaders were set to hold a security assessment at military headquarters in Tel Aviv shortly after midnight. In a press statement, Hagari said the Air Force was tracking the drones, while noting that they would take several hours to reach the country. He said there would be GPS disruptions as the military works to intercept the drones. “The defense and offense systems of the Israeli Air Force are on alert, and dozens of planes are in the skies — prepared and ready,” said Hagari, adding: “We have an excellent aerial defense array, but the defense is not hermetic.” If there are any additional attacks, that require a separate warning, Hagari said the IDF will update the public.

Sirens will only sound if the drones enter Israeli airspace, at the relevant locations, Hagari said. He added that the IDF will seek to intercept the targets as early as possible. Channel 12 said the US was the first to identify the launch and immediately notified Israel, leading to a flurry of activity in recent hours in Israel and its surroundings that led to widespread public assessment that an attack was imminent.

State-linked media in Iran reported that a second wave of drones had been launched at Israel. Two security sources in Iraq said dozens of drones had been spotted flying from Iran toward Israel over Iraqi airspace in what Iranian Press TV called “extensive drone strikes” by the Revolutionary Guards. Channel 12 aired video from Iraq that purported to show a wave of drones passing overhead in the night sky. Several such videos were shared on social media. Jordan’s air defenses were ready to intercept and shoot down any Iranian drones or aircraft that violate its airspace, two regional security sources said. Earlier in the evening, presaging the attack, the White House announced that US President Joe Biden would cut short a weekend trip to Delaware to hold consultations with his national security team on the potential Iranian strike on Israel.

Biden’s defense secretary, Lloyd Austin, called his Israeli counterpart Yoav Gallant for the second time in three days to discuss US support for Israel’s defense, the Pentagon said. “Secretary Austin made clear that Israel could count on full US support to defend Israel against any attacks by Iran and its regional proxies,” read the statement.

Before the incoming attack was confirmed, the IDF’s Home Command issued new guidelines shuttering all schools and educational activity the next day — action that would not affect most schoolchildren, who started their vacation ahead of the Passover holiday at the weekend. In addition to the closure of educational facilities, the military announced it would be forbidden for more than 1,000 people to assemble outdoors.

Tensions between Israel and Iran had reached a new high in recent days as the Islamic Republic vowed to avenge seven Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps members, including two generals, who were killed in an alleged Israeli airstrike on a building near Tehran’s consulate in Damascus on April 1. Defense Minister Gallant said in a video statement that Israel had “added new capabilities, on land, in the air, at sea, in intelligence, within the State of Israel, and together with our partners, led by the US,” in preparation for attacks from the “terror state” Iran. Citing unnamed sources, CNN reported Saturday that the US expected Iran to target multiple sites inside Israel and in the region in the coming days, with one of the sources cited as saying that the US had observed Iran preparing as many as 100 cruise missiles to strike Israel. A senior US administration official told CNN that Iran’s proxies could be involved in the attack as well. Also citing unnamed sources, Channel 12 reported that by the Israeli security establishment’s estimation, Iran would strike military rather than civilian targets.

On Saturday morning, the IRGC seized a Portuguese-flagged cargo ship, at least partially Israel-owned, near the Strait of Hormuz Following the incident, Foreign Minister Israel Katz called “on the European Union and the free world” to designate the IRGC as a terrorist organization and slap sanctions on Iran. “The Ayatollah regime of [Iranian Supreme Leader Ali] Khamenei is a criminal regime that supports Hamas’s crimes and is now conducting a pirate operation in violation of international law,” said Katz. Several international entities have made adjustments to regular business amid the expected Iranian attacks.

Australia’s Qantas and Germany’s Lufthansa airlines on Saturday announced they would reroute flights in the Middle East, with the German airline saying it would avoid Iranian airspace altogether until Tuesday. Canada on Saturday warned its citizens to avoid all travel to Israel, Gaza, and the West Bank, as Ottawa upgraded its risk assessment in the region. The Netherlands announced it would keep its embassy in Tehran closed on Sunday, and would decide then whether or not to reopen on Monday.

^ Iran is supported by all the bad guys (Russia, Syria, North Korea, etc.) and Israel is supported by all the good guys (the US, the UK, etc.)

Hopefully the US Congress will do what is right and give the required Aid to both Israel and Ukraine.

To those that don't think Israel and Ukraine are connected.

Iran gives drones (like the ones Iran is now firing against Israel) to Russia so Russia can bomb Ukraine. ^

https://www.timesofisrael.com/iran-launches-wave-of-drones-at-israel-in-first-ever-direct-attack-idf-braces-to-intercept/

Arlington Horses Delayed

From AF Times:

“Return of horse-drawn caissons to Arlington National Cemetery delayed”

The return of horse-drawn caissons at Arlington National Cemetery is being delayed for months and maybe longer, the Army said Friday, as it struggles to improve the care of the horses after two died in 2022 as a result of poor feed and living conditions. Nearly a year after the Army suspended the use of the gray and black horses for funerals, officials said they are making progress buying new horses, getting better equipment, and improving the training, facilities and turnout areas. But Maj. Gen. Trevor Bredenkamp, commander of the Military District of Washington, said it’s been far more time-consuming and difficult than initially expected to get the program going again. And it will take an extended period of time to get enough horses to meet the funeral needs. “We have every intention to resume operations. I can’t give you a week or month or estimate, but it’s requirements-based,” Bredenkamp said in a call with a small number of reporters. He said he doesn’t expect it will take years but “it’s going to take some time.” He said he would not describe the delay as “indefinite” but repeatedly acknowledged the stumbling blocks to restarting a sustainable program that protects the health of the horses.

The horses are part of the caisson platoon of the 3rd Infantry Regiment, known as the Old Guard, which is best known for guarding the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier at the cemetery, located just across the river from Washington. Two of the Old Guard platoon horses, Mickey and Tony, had to be euthanized within days of each other in February 2022. Both died from colon impaction. The Army found that the horses had very little grass in their turnout fields and they consumed sand and gravel from the ground while eating the low-quality hay they were fed. The fields were littered with construction debris and manure and were only large enough to support six or seven horses, nowhere near the 64 that were using the fields when Mickey and Tony died, according to an Army investigation. At the time, officials said the conditions were from mismanagement, lack of resources and a poor understanding of the horses’ needs. They also said soldiers needed better training on how to care for them.

On Friday, Bredenkamp said the Army is struggling to find enough horses to buy and to find nearby locations large enough for the horses to be kept and trained. The service is also getting lighter-weight caissons and conducting more extensive training for the soldiers to ride and take care of the horses. Ray Alexander, superintendent of the cemetery, said there are 27-30 funerals a day, Monday through Friday, at Arlington, and of those, six to eight qualify for escort honors. In order to meet that demand, without surpassing an appropriate workload for the horses, Bredenkamp said they need six squads of horses.

Currently, he said, they have 42 horses that are being cared for at a professional facility in Virginia. Two years ago, there were 60 horses in the program, but many had to be retired. For the past year, the Army has used a funeral home hearse or another vehicle in place of the caisson. And in ceremonies for Army and Marine Corps officers who were colonels or above, there is a riderless horse that walks behind the caisson.

^ It is important for the health of the horses to be the top priority here rather than simply pushing things through quickly to get the horse-drawn caissons returned to service. I’m glad the Army is taking its time with all of this. ^

https://www.airforcetimes.com/news/pentagon-congress/2024/04/12/return-of-horse-drawn-caissons-to-arlington-national-cemetery-delayed/

Friday, April 12, 2024

Wall Of Safety

From Koda’s Mission:

“Koda´s Wall of Safety”



Memorise yourself on the Wall!

We want to free the dogs and finally let them out of their enclosures and off the leashes, therefore we need a wall to make sure the dogs stay  at the shelter.

The area we want to fence is about 10.000 sqaremeters big, the length of the wall will be arround 400m.

Each meter of wall costs about 25€, luckily we already got a discount!

For every donation about 25€ or more, we will memorise your name on the wall.

If you want another name then yours please write us a private message on Instagram or Facebook.

We thank you all for your support!

To stay tuned, follow our Instagram where we will post daily Updates about the Progress


^  Koda's Mission helps save, treat and adopt out animals inside Ukraine.

They just moved from their old shelter near the Polish Border (where they were since 2022) to Oleksandriia in the middle of the country - so they can get to more animals in need.

They are trying to build a wall around their shelter so their animals can roam freely on their property.

Please click on the link to donate:

https://www.paypal.com/donate?campaign_id=7AVMS9GPQTCQS

 

^

78: Ed O'Neill

 


Ed O'Neill is 78 today (April 12th.)

44: Marathon Of Hope

 


44 years ago today (April 12, 1980) Terry Fox began his Marathon of Hope across Canada.

Terrance Stanley Fox  (July 28, 1958 – June 28, 1981) was a Canadian Athlete, Humanitarian, and Cancer Research Activist.

 In 1980, with one leg having been amputated due to Cancer, he embarked on an east-to-west cross-Canada run to raise money and awareness for Cancer Research. Although the spread of his Cancer eventually forced him to end his quest after 143 days and 5,373 kilometers (3,339 miles) – running through Newfoundland & Labrador, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, Quebec and Ontario, and ultimately cost him his life, his efforts resulted in a lasting, worldwide legacy.

 The annual Terry Fox Run, first held in 1981, has grown to involve millions of Participants in over 60 Countries and is now the world's largest one-day fundraiser for Cancer Research; over C$850 million has been raised in his name as of September 2022.

44: Marathon

 


Thursday, April 11, 2024

Pet Day

 


OJ Simpson

 


House Holds Off

From Yahoo/The Conversation:

“House of Representatives holds off on Ukraine aid package − here’s why the US has a lot at stake in supporting Ukraine”



As Russia’s war on Ukraine continues without a clear end in sight, Ukrainians are facing a cold reality. While President Joe Biden is in close contact with Ukrainian leader Volodymyr Zelenskyy, Biden’s support of Zelenskyy does not necessarily signal continued financial support of Ukraine by the U.S. government. The U.S. has been the largest single donor backing Ukraine since Russian troops invaded the country in February 2022. Since then, the U.S. has sent Ukraine approximately US$113 billion in a combination of cash, military supplies and machinery, as well as food and other humanitarian supplies.

Biden has asked Congress to approve another $95 billion in aid for Ukraine, Israel and other allies. About $60 billion of this would be spent on Ukraine. While the Senate passed this foreign aid bill in February 2024, it is stalled in the House of Representatives. Republican House Speaker Mike Johnson has not allowed a vote on the measure. Zelenskyy laid out the stakes for continued U.S. support on April 8, 2024, saying, “If the Congress doesn’t help Ukraine, Ukraine will lose the war.” Russia has increased its bombing of Ukraine in recent months, and the battle lines between Russia and Ukraine have moved little in the past year. It is not entirely clear when and how the House will vote on Ukraine. Still, as a scholar of Eastern Europe, I think there are a few important reasons why the U.S. is unlikely to cut funding to Ukraine.

Republicans are divided over Ukraine aid Johnson is facing pressure to delay voting on the Ukraine foreign aid bill for a few reasons. One major factor is fighting between Republicans, who hold a slim majority in the House. While some centrist Republican politicians support Ukraine funding and are pushing for a vote on the foreign aid package, others – hard-right Republicans – want a bill that prioritizes what they say are American interests, meaning more of a focus on domestic U.S. problems. Another issue is the rising threat of other Republicans trying to remove Johnson from his leadership role. U.S. Rep. Marjorie Taylor Greene of Georgia filed a motion on March 22, 2024, to prompt a vote that could push Johnson out of his House leadership position if he tries to advance an aid package.

Delays on Ukraine benefit Putin As the House continues to stall on a vote, Ukraine is rationing ammunition and supplies. This, in turn, provides an opportunity for Russia to strengthen its arsenal. Delays with foreign aid to Ukraine give Putin time to move forward with plans to purchase ballistic missiles from Iran. National Security Council spokesperson John Kirby expressed concerns in early January 2024 that Russia was close to acquiring short-range ballistic weapons from Iran. Russia already buys drones from Iran and ballistic missiles from North Korea. In February, U.S. national security adviser Jake Sullivan pointed out that Ukrainian forces lost a major center of resistance in the east of Ukraine called Avdiivka to Russia because of a shortage of ammunition. Without foreign aid from the U.S., Ukraine will face a strategic disadvantage that could lead to Russia winning the war. That could lead to Russia increasing its threats on nearby NATO countries.

The US needs Europe to compete with China There are other reasons why many experts think it helps the U.S. to back Ukraine. One factor is U.S. global power competition with China. Russian and Chinese leaders declared a military and political partnership days before Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. They announced on April 9, 2024, that they want to find ways to strengthen their joint security work across Asia and Europe. U.S. political and military leaders have noted that supporting Ukraine and pushing back against Russia is one clear way to deter China from strengthening its global political power and military reach. Navy Adm. Samuel J. Paparo said in February 2024 that Russia’s potential loss in Ukraine is “a deterrence in the western Pacific and directly reassures partners.” The admiral said that China is studying the Ukraine invasion for its own purposes, in order to “effect a short, sharp conflict that presents a fait accompli to all of the world.” He called for the U.S. to continue to fund Ukraine’s war. The U.S. needs its long-standing allies in Europe to help push back against China – and deterrence is only as effective as the size of the force doing the deterring. Ely Ratner, the U.S. assistant secretary of defense for Indo-Pacific security affairs, recently explained this principle and how it relates to China: “We believe deterrence is real and deterrence is strong, and we’re working every day to keep it that way.”

Foreign aid benefits US arms industry Most of America’s military aid to Ukraine consists of arms and ammunition from existing U.S. stockpiles. If Congress approves an additional $60 billion for Ukraine, more than half of this money would go to U.S. factories that manufacture missiles and munitions. In December 2023, Biden signed a U.S. defense policy bill that authorizes a record-high $886 billion in spending from July 2023 through June 2024. This includes a 5.2% pay raise for troops, $11.5 billion in support of initiatives to help deter China and $800 million to support Ukraine’s counteroffensive war. But it also allows for the purchasing of new ships, aircraft and other types of ammunition. For defense stocks, that means a promising start to 2024, as the military will be likely to boost defense contractors’ revenues looking to restock supplies shipped to Ukraine.

Americans continue to support Ukraine aid A majority of Americans still favor U.S. support of Ukraine, though about half of Republicans said in December 2023 that the U.S. is giving too much money to the country. Even though politicians do not always follow public opinion, there are clear reasons why it is not in the U.S.’s best interests to cut funding to Ukraine.

^ Sadly, the House Republicans (who returned from a 2 week vacation 2 days ago) continue to support Russia and Putin rather than Ukraine and Zelenskyy.

They claim to want to put American Security first yet they shot down a Border Bill that had everything they wanted in it because of 1 Man who told them not to pass it and keep the US safe - all for his own Political Reelection Goals.

Let’s also not forget that with all the Aid the US gives to Ukraine we have strict provisions that state that Ukraine has to use the American Money to buy American-made weapons and supplies.

That not only helps Ukraine, but also the US – including American workers making those weapons and supplies.

If we let Ukraine fall Russia (which is already siding with our Enemies - China, Iran and North Korea) will only grow their relationships with those Countries and that will make 1 major Political and Military Alliance that we haven't seen since 1991.

They will then have Russia going after more of Europe (including NATO Countries), China will go after Asia and Iran will go after the Middle East.

The US will look weak (and be weak) on the International and Domestic Stage.

Supporting Ukraine is not only good Morally, but also strategically.

If you want the United States to continue to be the World's only Super Power and to protect our own security we need to continue to help Ukraine now before it is too late. ^

https://www.yahoo.com/news/house-representatives-holds-off-ukraine-121754302.html?fr=sycsrp_catchall

Amazon Changes

Amazon has changed how they do things in my area.

They use a new Cargo Facility and have a Distribution Center in the southern part of my State.

You would think that would make things easier for me, but they don't.

In the past I had a note on my Amazon Prime file stating to use UPS to deliver to my house (since UPS delivers to my door whereas USPS delivers to my mailbox 3 streets away and if the package doesn't fit in my mailbox they leave a slip in it and I have to drive to the Post Office in the next town to get it.

That system worked for several years.

Now, with the Cargo Facility and the Distribution Center Amazon uses Amazon Trucks to deliver to the southern part of the State, but not to the northern or central part (where I live.)

Because Amazon doesn't deliver to my area themselves they now ship most things by USPS  - meaning the items I order don't arrive right at my door and can take up to a week to have someone go to the Post Office to get.

As of now I am trying to order things one at a time and wait until that item ships before I order something else (so the packages will be small enough for my mailbox.)

Parkinson's Disease

Parkinson's Disease

What Is Parkinson's Disease? Parkinson's disease is an illness that affects the part of your brain that controls how you move your body. It can come on so slowly that you don't even notice it at first. But over time, what starts as a little shakiness in your hand can have an impact on how you walk, talk, sleep, and think. You're more likely to get it when you're 60 and older. It's also possible for it to start when you're younger, but that doesn't happen nearly as often. There's no cure for Parkinson's disease, but you can get treatment and support to help manage the symptoms.

What Does Parkinson's Do to the Brain?:   Deep down in your brain, there's an area called the substantia nigra, which is in the basal ganglia. Some of its cells make dopamine, a chemical that carries messages around your brain. When you need to scratch an itch or kick a ball, dopamine quickly carries a message to the nerve cell that controls that movement. When that system is working well, your body moves smoothly and evenly. But when you have Parkinson's, the cells of your substantia nigra start to die. There's no replacing them, so your dopamine levels drop and you can't fire off as many messages to control smooth body movements.  Early on, you won't notice anything different. But as more and more cells die, you reach a tipping point where you start to have symptoms. That may not be until 80% of the cells are gone, which is why you can have Parkinson's for quite a while before you realize it.

How Does Parkinson's Affect the Body?:    The telltale symptoms all have to do with the way you move. You usually notice problems like: Rigid muscles. It can happen on just about any part of your body. Doctors sometimes mistake early Parkinson's for arthritis. Slow movements. You may find that even simple acts, like buttoning a shirt, take much longer than usual. Tremors. Your hands, arms, legs, lips, jaw, or tongue are shaky when you're not using them. Walking and balance problems. You may notice your arms aren't swinging as freely when you walk. Or you can't take long steps, so you have to shuffle instead. Parkinson's can also cause a range of other issues, from depression to bladder problems to acting out dreams. It may be a while before abnormal movements start. Doctors aren't sure why all those brain cells start dying. They think it's a mix of your genes and something in the environment, but the reason is not straightforward. Someone could have a change in a gene tied to Parkinson's, but never get the disease. That happens a lot. And a bunch of people could work side by side in a place with chemicals linked to Parkinson's, but only a few of them end up with it. It's a complex puzzle, and scientists are still trying to put all the pieces together.

How Will My Doctor Test for It?:  There's no one test for Parkinson's. A lot of it's based on your symptoms and health history, but it could take some time to figure it out. Part of the process is ruling out other conditions that look like Parkinson's. The docotor may do a DaT scan, which looks for dopamine in the brain. This can aid in a diagnosis. Because there is no single test, it's very important to go to a doctor who knows a lot about it, early on. It's easy to miss. If you do have it, your doctor might use what's called the Hoehn and Yahr scale to tell you what stage of the disease you're in. It ranks how severe your symptoms are from 1 to 5, where 5 is the most serious. The stage can help you get a better feel for where your symptoms fall and what to expect as the disease gets worse. But keep in mind, some people could take up to 20 years to move from mild to more serious symptoms. For others, the change is much faster.

How Is Parkinson's Treated?:   It's all about managing symptoms. Drugs for Parkinson's can often help with tremors, stiff muscles, and slow movements. Your doctor may also suggest physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech therapy, based on how it affects you. And in some cases, you may need surgery.

How Will the Disease Affect My Life?:   Most people who have Parkinson’s live a normal to a nearly normal lifespan, but the disease can be life changing.  For some people, treatment keeps the symptoms at bay, and they're mostly mild. For others, the disease is much more serious and really limits what you're able to do. As it gets worse, it makes it harder and harder to do daily activities like getting out of bed, driving, or going to work. Even writing can seem like a tough task. And in later stages, it can cause dementia. Even though Parkinson's can have a big impact on your life, with the right treatment and help from your health care team, you can still enjoy the things you love. It's important to reach out to family and friends for support. Learning to live with Parkinson's means making sure you get the backing you need.

https://www.webmd.com/parkinsons-disease/parkinsons-disease-overview#2-4

Parkinson's Day

 


Wednesday, April 10, 2024

DAS Changes

From USA Today/Yahoo:

“Disney is changing its DAS program: What guests with disabilities should know”

Walt Disney World and Disneyland are changing their policies for guests with disabilities. The Florida and California resorts will keep their popular Disability Access Service (DAS), but adjust qualifications, registration procedures, and length of validity to help ensure guests receive the accommodations they need. “Disney is dedicated to providing a great experience for all guests, including those with disabilities, which is why we are so committed to delivering a wide range of innovative support services aimed at helping our guests with disabilities have a wonderful time when visiting our theme parks,” a Disney spokesperson said in a statement. Here’s what travelers with disabilities should know.

What is DAS? Disney World and Disneyland previously described their Disability Access Service as a program “to assist guests who have difficulty tolerating extended waits in a conventional queue environment due to a disability.” Guests who qualify for and enroll in DAS wait just as long as guests in the standby line, sometimes a little longer, but they don’t have to physically stay in the queue. Instead, they can join the line virtually, wait out the designated time elsewhere in the park, then return to the attraction for a shorter wait in person.

Who qualifies for DAS at Disney? Not all disabilities impact the ability to tolerate long waits in traditional queues. For example, guests in wheelchairs or electric conveyance vehicles may still be able to wait in many lines in their mobility devices. New updates to the resorts’ accessibility webpages further clarify DAS’ intended audience: “Guests, who due to a developmental disability like autism or similar, are unable to wait in a conventional queue for an extended period of time.”

How do you qualify for a Disney disability pass? Registering for DAS involves meeting with a specially trained cast member, who can determine if DAS is the right fit. In the past, that could be done in advance online or in person at both resorts. The conversation itself lasts just minutes, though online waits have historically taken longer.

How is DAS changing? Starting May 20 for Disney World, guests may only enroll in DAS with a virtual video meeting, not in person at the parks. It’s highly recommended to do so in the planning stages of the trip, but virtual chats will also be available on the day of visits. Again, they will no longer be available in person at Disney World. Disneyland guests may continue to register for DAS with a virtual video call ahead of their trip, which is strongly encouraged, or in-person on the day of visits, but starting June 18, the location for registration will move from Guests Services inside the parks to the outside esplanade area between Disneyland and Disney California Adventure. Virtual video calls will be similar to what existing and past DAS enrollees are used to having with cast members, but Disney is also partnering with Inspire Health Alliance, whose experts may be brought in. DAS may be used by the enrollee and up to four companions (or more if there are more than four immediate family members who all want to experience an attraction together).

How long is DAS at Disney good for? Guests who are previously enrolled in DAS may use it for 60 days from their date of registration, with no changes required. New enrollees registering between now and May 19 at Disney World or June 17 at Disneyland will have up to 30 days to use the service, starting from their date of registration. Beginning May 20 at Disney World and June 18 at Disneyland, new DAS enrollments will be valid for 120 days, double the previous 60.

Why is Disney making these changes? DAS has become the most requested service at Disneyland and Disney World in recent years, with the volume of users eclipsing the program’s intended audience and numbers only expected to grow. That in turn impacts waits and experiences for those who need the accommodations. The changes are designed to help ensure DAS reaches its intended audience. Meanwhile, Disney is also increasing the number of specially trained cast members to help guests with other access needs find the right accommodations for them. Those may include American Sign Language interpretation, Disney Handheld Devices that provide captions and visual descriptions for guests with hearing impairment, braille guidebooks and maps, sensory guides for attractions, and at Disneyland, Location Return Times for guests with mobility devices or other physical needs that can’t be accommodated by older, non-wheelchair accessible attraction queues.

What does Disney consider a disability? Disney recognizes all kinds of disabilities and access needs, many of which are invisible. While guests won’t find an exhaustive list of disabilities on Disney’s websites, their newly updated accessibility pages serve as a first stop in navigating accommodations. Cast members are also available to answer questions in staffed virtual chats.

Does Disney request proof of disability? Disney does not require documentation proving disability or access needs, nor will they be required with these upcoming changes.

^ I have been to Disney World with a Disabled Person in a wheelchair and had difficulty the whole time. I hope that these new changes to DAS will make it easier and more fun for the Disabled and their Caregivers to enjoy Disney. ^

https://www.yahoo.com/lifestyle/disney-changing-das-program-guests-165953399.html

National Park Week

National Park Week



National Park Week is just around the corner!

Entrance fees will be waived on Saturday, April 20, to kick off the celebration and encourage everyone to enjoy their National Parks in person.

With over 400 National Park areas, there are parks closer than you think.

Throughout the week, parks, programs, and partners will host events and activities. Learn more at:

https://www.nps.gov/subjects/npscelebrates/national-park-week.htm

80: Vrba-Wetzler Report

 


80 years ago today (April 10, 1944) 2 Slovak Jews, Alfred Wetzler and Rudolf Vrba escaped from Auschwitz with the aim to tell the Allies about the killing process as Auschwitz so it could be stopped before the Germans murdered the Hungarian Jews, the last remaining Jews in Occupied-Europe, starting in May 1944.

(Rudolf Vrba on the left and Alfred Wetzler on the right.)

The Vrba-Wetzler Report is a 33 page Eye-Witness Account of the Auschwitz Concentration and Death Camp in German-Occupied Poland during the Holocaust.

Alfréd Wetzler (Born May 10, 1918 in Nagyszombat, Austria-Hungary – Present-Day Trnava, Slovakia – and died February 8, 1988 in Bratislava, Czechoslovakia – Present-Day Slovakia.)

Rudolf Vrba (Born as Walter Rosenberg on September 11, 1924 in Topoľčany, Czechoslovakia – Present day Slovakia - and died March 27, 2006 in Vancouver, Canada.)

The Vrba–Wetzler Report contains a detailed description of the geography and management of the Auschwitz Camp and Sub-Camps, and of how the Prisoners lived and died.

It lists the Transports that had arrived at Auschwitz since 1942 (when Vrba and Wetzler arrived at Auschwitz), their place of origin, and the numbers "selected" for work or those murdered in the Gas Chambers.

The Report contains sketches and information about the layout of the Gas Chambers, describing the large room where victims were made to undress before being pushed into the Gas Chambers, as well as the attached Crematoriums.

It also detailed the killing process: How 2,000 Men, Women and Children at a time could be gassed in each of the 4 Gas Chambers in 20 minutes. Afterwards Sonderkommando (Prisoners forced to work in the Gas Chambers and Crematoriums by the Germans) had to remove the clothes, clean the Undressing Rooms, remove the dead bodies from the Gas Chambers and clean them for the next group. They also had to shave the hair off the dead bodies - which was used to make blankets for German U-Boats and any gold teeth  - which was melted down and sent to Nazi Bank Accounts in Switzerland to fund their War.

The publication of parts of the Vrba-Wetzler Report in June 1944 is credited with helping to persuade the Hungarian Regent, Miklós Horthy, to halt the Deportation of Hungary's Jews to Auschwitz, which had been proceeding at a rate of 12,000 a day since May 1944.

The first full English translation of the report was published in November 1944 by the United States War Refugee Board.

The Vrba-Wetzler Report is credited with saving 200,000 Jewish Men, Women and Children.

Siblings Day

 


Tuesday, April 9, 2024

Vimy Ridge

 Battle of Vimy Ridge



The decades since the Battle of Vimy Ridge have slipped by, but the legacy of the Canadians who accomplished so much in that important First World War battle lives on. Some say that Canada came of age as a country on those harsh April days in 1917.

The First World War:   The First World War was the largest conflict the world had ever seen up until that time. It came about due to the political tensions and complex military alliances of the era. The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in the summer of 1914 resulted in an international crisis and by August, the fighting had begun. This bloody four-year war would see Britain (and her Empire), France, Russia and the United States lining up against Germany, Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire.

Canada Goes to War:   In 1914, Canada’s external affairs were governed by the United Kingdom. This meant that once Britain declared war, Canada automatically followed. The First World War opened with great enthusiasm and patriotism on the part of many Canadians, with tens of thousands rushing to join the military in the first months of the conflict so they would not miss the action. They need not have worried as the war would grind on for more than four years, killing as many as ten million combatants in fighting that would be revolutionized by high-explosive shells, powerful machine guns, poison gas, submarines and war planes.

The Western Front:   After the initial German advances of the war, the battle on the Western Front quickly turned into a stalemate of trench fighting, with the front line zigzagging for nearly 1,000 kilometres from the coast of Belgium to the border of Switzerland. Life for soldiers in the trenches was miserable. They were often muddy and cold and had to live in the midst of pests like rats, lice and fleas. In this form of warfare, soldiers faced the enemy across a narrow strip of land between the opposing trenches. This was a harsh “No Man’s Land” of mud, barbed wire and shell craters, swept by enemy machine gun fire, and menaced by artillery and snipers. This is what soldiers had to cross when they went “over the top” and launched an attack. The dead and injured who fell in No Man’s Land often could not be recovered. By the spring of 1917, Europe had been at war for more than two-and-a-half years, with neither side being able to make a significant breakthrough. As part of an Allied offensive, a major attack was planned for April in the area of Arras, France. In this attack, the Canadians would be tasked with capturing Vimy Ridge.

Preparation for Battle:   Vimy Ridge is located in northern France, about 175 kilometres north of Paris. It is a long, high hill that dominates the surrounding landscape. Germany captured Vimy Ridge early in the war and transformed it into a strong defensive position, with a complex system of tunnels and trenches manned by highly trained soldiers with many machine guns and artillery pieces. Previous Allied assaults on Vimy Ridge in 1914 and 1915 had resulted in hundreds of thousands of casualties but had been largely unsuccessful. The Canadians moved to the front lines across from Vimy Ridge in the late autumn of 1916. The Battle of Vimy Ridge would be the first time all four divisions of the Canadian Corps fought together as one formation. The planning and preparations for the battle were extensive. The Canadians spent the entire winter strengthening the lines, preparing for the assault on Vimy and training rigorously. Models of the trench systems were built and the soldiers drilled on what they were to do. They also raided German positions to gather intelligence on enemy defences. Extensive “mining” operations were undertaken in which the Allies dug tunnels beneath the German lines and set large caches of explosives to be detonated when the time for the attack came. Elaborate tunnel systems with train tracks, piped water, lights, and huge underground bunkers to stockpile supplies and arms were also established to aid the Canadians in the battle. To soften enemy defences in preparation for the attack, the Allies made a massive and prolonged artillery barrage. The heaviest shelling was spread over a week to avoid tipping off the Germans on exactly when the assault would begin. More than a million shells rained down during what the Germans called the “Week of Suffering.” The early military aircraft of the day also played a role in the battle by sweeping enemy aircraft and observation balloons from the skies.

Battle of Vimy Ridge:  The Battle of Vimy Ridge began at 5:30 a.m. on Easter Monday, April 9, 1917. The first wave of 15,000-20,000 Canadian soldiers, many heavily laden with equipment, attacked through the wind-driven snow and sleet into the face of deadly machine gun fire. The Canadians advanced behind a “creeping barrage.” This precise line of intense Allied artillery fire moved ahead at a set rate and was timed to the minute. The Canadian infantrymen followed the line of explosions closely. This allowed them to capture German positions in the critical moments after the barrage moved on to the next targets but before the enemy soldiers could emerge from the safety of their underground bunkers. Canadian battalions in the first waves of the assault suffered great numbers of casualties, but the assault proceeded on schedule. Most of the heavily defended ridge was captured by noon. Hill 145, the main height on the ridge, was taken on the morning of April 10. Two days later, the Canadians took “the Pimple,” as the other significant height on the ridge was nicknamed. The Germans were forced to withdraw three kilometres east and the Battle of Vimy Ridge was over. The Allies now commanded the heights overlooking the Douai Plain, which was still occupied by the enemy. The Canadian Corps, together with the British Corps to the south, had captured more ground, prisoners and artillery pieces than any previous British offensive of the war. Canadians would act with courage throughout the battle. Four of our soldiers would earn the Victoria Cross, the highest medal for military valour, for separate actions in which they captured enemy machine gun positions. They were: Private William Milne, Lance-Sergeant Ellis Sifton, Captain Thain MacDowell and Private John Pattison.

Sacrifice:   The Battle of Vimy Ridge proved to be a great success, but it only came at a heavy cost. The some 100,000 Canadians who served there suffered more than 10,600 casualties, nearly 3,600 of which were fatal. By the end of the First World War, Canada, a country of less than eight million people, would see more than 650,000 men and women serve in uniform. The conflict took a huge toll with more than 66,000 Canadians losing their lives and over 170,000 being wounded.

The Legacy:   At Vimy Ridge, regiments from coast to coast saw action together in a distinctly Canadian triumph, helping create a new and stronger sense of national identity in our country. Canada’s military achievements during the war raised our international stature and helped earn us a separate signature on the Treaty of Versailles that formally ended the war. Today, on land granted to Canada for all time by a grateful France, the Canadian National Vimy Memorial sits atop Hill 145, rising above the now quiet countryside. This great monument is inscribed with the names of 11,285 Canadian soldiers who were listed as “missing, presumed dead” in France during the First World War. It stands as a tribute to all who served our country in the conflict and paid a price to help ensure the peace and freedom we enjoy today.

Canada Remembers Program:   The Canada Remembers Program of Veterans Affairs Canada encourages all Canadians to learn about the sacrifices and achievements made by those who have served—and continue to serve—during times of war and peace. As well, it invites Canadians to become involved in remembrance activities that will help preserve their legacy for future generations.

 

 

 

La bataille de la crête de Vimy

Malgré les décennies qui se sont écoulées depuis la bataille de la crête de Vimy, les efforts colossaux des Canadiens qui ont participé à cette importante bataille de la Première Guerre mondiale demeurent gravés à jamais dans la mémoire collective du pays. Certains disent même que le Canada est arrivé à maturité en ces difficiles jours d’avril 1917.

La Première Guerre mondiale:  La Première Guerre mondiale fut un conflit sans précédent dans l’histoire de l’humanité. Elle est issue des tensions politiques et des alliances militaires complexes qui existaient à l’époque. En fait, l’assassinat de l’archiduc François-Ferdinand à l’été de 1914 a entraîné une crise internationale. Les hostilités, qui ont débuté en août, ont duré quatre ans et opposé la Grande-Bretagne et son empire, la France, la Russie et les États-Unis, à l’Allemagne, à l’Autriche-Hongrie et à l’Empire ottoman.

Le Canada va en guerre:  En 1914, les affaires extérieures du Canada étaient gouvernées par le Royaume-Uni. Par conséquent, dès que la Grande-Bretagne a déclaré la guerre, le Canada a été d’emblée impliqué dans le conflit. La Première Guerre mondiale a été accueillie avec beaucoup d’enthousiasme et de patriotisme par de nombreux Canadiens. En effet, des dizaines de milliers d’entre eux se sont empressés de s’enrôler dans les premiers mois suivant le déclenchement des hostilités, de peur de rater l’action. Ils n’avaient rien à craindre, car la guerre n’a pris fin que quatre ans plus tard. Pas moins de dix millions de soldats ont perdu la vie dans des combats qui ont été révolutionnés par l’utilisation d’obus perforants, de puissantes mitrailleuses, de gaz toxiques, de sous-marins et d’avions de guerre.

Le front occidental:   Après l’avance initiale de l’Allemagne, le front occidental s’est rapidement transformé en une guerre de tranchées, la ligne de front serpentant sur une distance de quelque 1 000 kilomètres entre les côtes de la Belgique et les frontières de la Suisse. La vie dans les tranchées était misérable. Souvent, les soldats étaient couverts de boue et ils avaient froid. Il leur fallait même cohabiter avec certains indésirables comme les rats, les poux et les puces. Dans ce genre de guerre, les adversaires ne sont séparés que par une mince bande de terre, un No Man’s Land de boue, de barbelés et de cratères d’obus. Avant de lancer une attaque, il fallait d’abord franchir tous ces obstacles, en essayant de se soustraire aux tirs des mitrailleuses, de l’artillerie et des tireurs d’élite ennemis. Souvent, il était même impossible d’aller chercher les morts ou les blessés dans le No Man’s Land. Au printemps 1917, il y avait plus de deux ans et demi que l’Europe était en guerre, et aucun adversaire n’avait réussi à gagner beaucoup de terrain. En avril, les Alliés préparaient une offensive majeure dans la région d’Arras, en France. Les soldats canadiens devaient prendre la crête de Vimy.

Les préparatifs de bataille:  La crête de Vimy se trouve au nord de la France, à environ 175 kilomètres au nord de Paris. C’est une colline longue et haute qui domine le paysage environnant. L’Allemagne a envahi la crête de Vimy au début de la guerre et l’a transformée en une solide position défensive qui comportait un réseau complexe de tranchées et de tunnels, protégée par des soldats allemands très bien entraînés disposant de mitrailleuses et de pièces d’artillerie. Les tentatives précédentes des Alliés pour prendre d’assaut la crête de Vimy, en 1914 et 1915, avaient été en grande partie infructueuses, faisant des centaines de milliers de victimes. Les Canadiens ont avancé vers les lignes de front face à la crête de Vimy à la fin de l’automne 1916. La bataille de la crête de Vimy a été la première occasion pour les quatre divisions du Corps canadien d’unir leurs forces. La planification et les préparatifs de la bataille ont été exhaustifs. Les soldats canadiens ont passé tout l’hiver à renforcer les lignes pour préparer l’assaut sur Vimy et à suivre un entraînement rigoureux. Des maquettes des systèmes des tranchées ont été réalisées, et les soldats ont effectué d’innombrables exercices pour se préparer à l’attaque. Ils ont aussi effectué des raids dans les positions allemandes pour recueillir des renseignements sur les défenses ennemies. Par ailleurs, les Alliés ont mené de vastes opérations « minières » : ils ont creusé des tunnels jusque sous les tranchées allemandes pour y placer des explosifs percutants qu’on ferait détoner au moment de l’attaque. Ils ont aussi élaboré un réseau de tunnels bien ramifié doté de rails, de canalisations d’eau, d’éclairage et d’énormes abris pouvant accueillir du matériel et des armes pour appuyer les Canadiens dans la bataille. Pour affaiblir les défenses ennemies avant l’assaut, les Alliés ont ouvert le feu par un barrage d’artillerie massif et prolongé. Les bombardements les plus intenses se sont déroulés sur plus d’une semaine pour éviter de révéler aux Allemands le moment exact de l’attaque. Plus d’un million d’obus ont martelé le terrain au cours de cet assaut que les Allemands ont appelé « la semaine de souffrance ». Les premiers avions militaires de l’époque ont également joué un rôle dans la bataille en chassant du ciel les aéronefs et les ballons d’observation ennemis.

La bataille de la crête de Vimy:  La bataille de la crête de Vimy débuta à 5 h 30, le lundi de Pâques 9 avril 1917. La première vague, formée de 15 000 à 20 000 soldats canadiens, dont un bon nombre d’hommes lourdement chargés, avança dans la neige et la giboulée en direction du tir meurtrier des mitrailleuses. Les Canadiens avançaient, précédés par un « barrage roulant ». Cette ligne précise de tir d’artillerie intensif des Alliés progressait à un rythme prescrit, minuté. L’infanterie canadienne suivait la ligne des explosions de très près. Les soldats pouvaient ainsi prendre les positions allemandes dans les moments critiques à mesure que le barrage se déplaçait vers la cible suivante, avant que les soldats ennemis n’émergent de leurs abris souterrains. Malgré les lourdes pertes qu’ont subies les bataillons canadiens des premières vagues, l’assaut s’est poursuivi sans relâche. Vers midi, la majeure partie de la crête solidement défendue était capturée. La cote 145, la partie la plus élevée de la crête, a été prise le 10 avril au matin. Deux jours plus tard, les Canadiens s’emparaient du « Bourgeon », autre point élevé de la ligne de front. Les Allemands ont été contraints à battre en retraite trois kilomètres plus loin à l’est, mettant ainsi fin à la bataille de la crête de Vimy. Les Alliés avaient maintenant pris le contrôle des hauteurs surplombant la plaine de Douai, une partie de la France qui était toujours occupée par l’ennemi. Le Corps canadien, flanqué à sa droite du Corps britannique, ont ensemble réussi à gagner plus de terrain, à capturer plus de prisonniers et à saisir plus de canons que toute autre offensive britannique précédente. La bravoure dont ont fait preuve les soldats canadiens tout au long de la bataille a valu à quatre d’entre eux la Croix de Victoria, la décoration militaire la plus distinguée, pour des actes au cours desquels ils ont pris des positions de mitrailleuses ennemies. Il s’agissait du soldat William Milne, du sergent suppléant Ellis Sifton, du capitaine Thain MacDowell et du soldat John Pattison.

Sacrifices:  La bataille de la crête de Vimy a été un succès retentissant, mais la victoire a coûté très cher. Des 100 000 Canadiens qui ont combattu, plus de 10 600 furent blessés, dont près de 3 600 mortellement. À la fin de la Première Guerre mondiale, le Canada, un pays d’à peine huit millions d’habitants, avait fourni plus de 650 000 hommes et femmes en uniforme. Le bilan final des victimes a été très lourd pour notre pays : plus de 66 000 Canadiens ont été tués et plus de 170 000 ont été blessés.

Héritage:  Des régiments d’un océan à l’autre ont contribué à la victoire, bien canadienne, de la bataille de la crête de Vimy et, ainsi, à la définition d’une nouvelle identité nationale pour le pays. De plus, les réalisations militaires du Canada lors de la Première Guerre mondiale lui ont donné un plus grand poids sur l’échiquier international et lui ont valu le privilège d’apposer sa signature sur le Traité de Versailles, qui a officiellement mis fin à la guerre. Aujourd’hui, sur la cote 145, sur une parcelle de terre cédée à jamais au Canada par la France en guise de reconnaissance, le Mémorial national du Canada à Vimy surplombe le paysage champêtre maintenant paisible. Sont inscrits sur le superbe monument les noms de 11 285 soldats canadiens portés disparus ou présumés morts en France pendant la Première Guerre mondiale. Le monument rend un vibrant hommage à tous ceux et celles qui ont servi au nom de notre pays lors de ce conflit et qui ont payé un grand prix pour garantir la paix et la liberté dont nous jouissons aujourd’hui.

Le Canada se souvient:  Le programme Le Canada se souvient d’Anciens Combattants Canada incite tous les Canadiens et les Canadiennes à se renseigner sur les sacrifices et les réalisations de tous ceux et celles qui ont servi et qui continuent de servir leur pays en temps de guerre et en temps de paix. Il invite aussi les citoyens à prendre part aux activités commémoratives qui aident à préserver l’héritage qu’ils nous ont légué et à le transmettre aux générations à venir.

https://www.veterans.gc.ca/eng/remembrance/history/first-world-war/fact_sheets/vimy

https://www.veterans.gc.ca/fra/remembrance/history/first-world-war/fact_sheets/vimy