Otto Weidt
Otto Weidt (May 2, 1883 - December
22, 1947) was the owner of a workshop in Berlin for the blind and deaf. During
the Holocaust, he fought to protect his Jewish workers against deportation and
he has been recognised for his work as one of the Righteous Men of the World's
Nations. The Museum of Otto Weidt's Workshop for the Blind remains on the
original site of the factory and is dedicated to his life.
Life Otto Weidt was born
on 2 May 1883 to Max Weidt and Auguste Weidt, née Grell, in Rostock. He grew up
in modest circumstances, attended elementary and high school and like his
father, became a paperhanger. Soon after the Weidt family moved to Berlin he
became involved in anarchist and pacifist circles of the German working-class
movement. With decreasing eyesight he learned the business of brush making and
broom binding. He avoided the draft for World War I due to an ear infection.
(His Brush Factory Berlin, 39
Rosenthaler Straße)
In 1936 Weidt established a
workshop to manufacture brooms and brushes in the cellar apartment of
Großbeerenstraße 92 in Berlin-Kreuzberg, which was in close proximity to his
apartment at Hallesches Ufer 58. In 1940 he moved to the backyard of 39
Rosenthaler Straße in Berlin-Mitte. As one of his customers was the Wehrmacht,
Weidt managed to have his business classified as vital to the war effort. Up to
30 blind and deaf Jews were employed at his shop between the years of 1941 and
1943. When the Gestapo began to arrest
and deport his Jewish employees, he fought to secure their safety by falsifying
documents, bribing officers and hiding them in the back of his shop with the
help of others such as Hedwig Porschütz.
(Otto Weidt and his Workers – February
22, 1942)
Though Weidt, forewarned, kept
his shop closed on the day of the Fabrikaktion in February 1943, many of his
employees were deported. Among those he was able to save were Inge Deutschkron
and Alice Licht, both non-blind young women in their twenties, and Hans
Israelowicz. Nevertheless, Alice Licht travelled to Theresienstadt to join her
deported parents, where Weidt could support them with food parcels. All of 150
parcels arrived. Eventually Alice was deported to KZ Birkenau herself. She
managed to send a postcard to Weidt who promptly traveled to Auschwitz in
attempt to help her. Weidt found out that as Auschwitz was emptied, Alice was moved
to the labor camp/ammunition plant Christianstadt. He hid clothes and money for
her in a nearby pension to aid her return, and traveled back to Berlin. Alice
eventually managed to return to Berlin in January 1945, and lived in hiding
with the Weidts until the end of the war. She left when she received a visa to
enter the USA.
After the war, Otto Weidt
established an orphanage for survivors of the concentration camps. He died of
heart failure only 2 years later, in 1947, at 64 years of age. His wife Else
Weidt continued his workshop until the Wirtschaftsamt of the East-Berlin
Magistrate dissolved it in 1952. She died 8 June 1974.
Posthumous honors
(Otto Weidt’s Grave)
On September 7, 1971, Yad Vashem
recognized Weidt as a Righteous Man of the World's Nations.
In 1993, Inge Deutschkron affixed
a plaque honoring Weidt at the site of the workshop and in 1994, an Ehrengrab
in the Zehlendorf cemetery was established. In 1999, a museum at the site of
the workshop opened, since 2005 run by the Memorial to the German Resistance
foundation. Also on the initiative of Inge Deutschkron, the construction of a
square in Europacity, named Otto-Weidt-Platz, was started in Berlin in 2018.
An 88-minute documentary
"Ein blinder Held – die Liebe des Otto Weidt" focusing on the years
1941-45 and Weidt's relationship with Alice Licht followed a book by Heike
Brückner von Grumbkow and Jochen von Grumbkow with the same title, and aired January
6, 2014 on German television channel ARD.
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